Common elemental potassium fertilizers include potassium chloride and potassium sulfate. Potassium chloride has two types, red and white, which are divided into producing areas; the shape is blocky, powdery and irregularly granular; the imported potassium chloride generally contains 60% of potassium oxide (expressed as K2O%), and domestic potassium chloride is 57% or 60%. Potassium sulphate is generally white crystalline granules or powders, and some products are also slightly motley due to impurities. Domestic potassium sulphate, including Lop Nur or Taiwan, generally contains 50% K2O.
Common potassium-containing compound fertilizers have binary and ternary compound fertilizers. The potassium content can be understood from the description of the N-P2O5-K2O content of the package. Potassium nitrate is a binary compound fertilizer, white crystalline particles, which are rare in the market.
Farmers’ friends should go to regular sales outlets when purchasing fertilizers to avoid being deceived. The true and false identification of potash is very complicated and ultimately depends on testing. The simple identification method of potassium fertilizer introduced here is only a qualitative identification method, and it is impossible to identify the level of potassium.
First, the iron piece burning method. Put the fertilizer granules (large or small) on a red iron piece for burning. Anything that does not melt, odorless, or is heated to produce a jumping phenomenon can be roughly determined as potassium fertilizer. If the iron piece is tilted so that the fat particles are directly burned by the high temperature, a colored flame will appear, the golden shiny flame is sodium, and the light yellow entrained lavender flame is potassium. There is also a type of powder in the potash, which can be brick red, light red or white. The identification method is also burned on the iron sheet, the potassium fertilizer shows no melting, no odor; and the phosphate fertilizer is light gray, although it does not melt, but has odor. Supplementary explanation: 1. If the fertilized grain on the iron piece is melted after high temperature, and there is thick smoke, any ammonia nitrogen fertilizer which has ammonia smell, and only ammonia-free taste may be nitrate. 2. If the fertilizer particles on the iron piece do not melt and do not beat, but have a smell of acid or bone odor, it may be phosphate fertilizer.
2. Dip the saturated potassium fertilizer solution on the wire ring and burn it on a high temperature flame to observe the flame color. However, the flame color distinction between potassium and sodium is difficult to grasp. If the market encounters inferior potash fertilizers other than conventional ones, such as small chunks or powdered counterfeit potash fertilizers with unrefined potassium feldspar, this can only be determined by measuring the soluble potassium content by laboratory means. Only the combustion method can only be qualitative, not quantitative, that is to say, it can only distinguish between true and false, and cannot be inferior.
In short, there is a saying that is right, "cheap is not good." That is to say, using the above simple and effective method, the three types of fertilizers of NPK can be distinguished. Farmers' friends should pay attention to quality and look for the brand when purchasing potash.
(Cao Yiping)
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