Self-lubricating bearings using a wide temperature, solid lubricant content sufficient, uniform release, with good self-lubricating properties and occlusal, can effectively protect the journal, to achieve long-term use. It is suitable for running under the conditions of high temperature, low speed, heavy load, big dust, water shower and impact vibration. It can be widely used in the rolling of machinery and equipment such as mine machinery, metallurgy, petroleum, chemical industry, food, textile, papermaking, printing and dyeing And plain bearings. The aluminum liquid produced by the aluminum electrolytic cell is sucked out by a vacuum and then poured into a mixing furnace. After the mixture is proportioned and deslagged, the aluminum liquid is poured into an aluminum ingot casting machine for casting and forming. The formed solid is called aluminum ingot and the produced aluminum The ingot is stacked by the stacker. In order to increase production efficiency, aluminum ingots must be cooled with large amounts of cooling water prior to forming. During the cooling process, huge heat of molten aluminum is released into the cooling water to generate hot water vapor. Casting machine bearings in the high temperature and water vapor environment, many bearings are greased, grease added in a short period of time due to high temperature and melting overflow removed, maintenance and repair difficulties, equipment, surface health is also easy to wipe. Another steel bearing in the hot, humid environment is very easy to corrosion rust, the failure rate is very high, higher equipment maintenance costs, equipment operation is often subject to the following two problems plagued. Oil feeding operation is difficult to achieve continuous operation at high temperature. The ingot casting, shifting ingot, ingot ingot, turning ingot and other devices are installed in the shell of the unit. Each rotating bearing is designed with a grease nipple facility with regular grease injection. Remove the housing and press the grease gun with the oil gun. And the whole machine oil point up to more than 30, long-term operation and maintenance can not achieve this tedious oiling operation, had to hand-held thin oil kettle pouring run outside of the bearing sleeve, lubricating oil is difficult to enter the bearing friction between the large Some bearings are in frictional state. Ambient temperature, grease lubrication does not adapt to the current casting machine used in the rolling bearing molybdenum disulfide grease is considered high temperature grease, we know that it is the base oil petroleum products, plus a small amount of high temperature molybdenum disulfide additives, the temperature limit That is 120 ° C. It is measured casting machine bearing operating temperature up to 200 ℃, has far exceeded the grease temperature limit. Under such high temperature conditions, the base oil in the grease will become thinner and gradually evaporate, and the remaining carbon residue, molybdenum disulfide and dust will be mixed and solidified into a solid block to be solidified on the cage of the rolling bearing, which will not only lose its lubricating effect, Also impede the normal operation of rolling bearings and wear quickly, up to 2 weeks have to stop, remove the bearing cleaning to replace the grease. First, the wear condition Aluminum ingot casting equipment bearing running two major problems caused by the bearing is not normal wear and tear is more serious. In an aluminum enterprise pulling ingot, for example, the average bearing life of 2 months, when the serious wear actually 5MM wear inner wear, resulting in equipment can not continue to run. Wear is uneven. The reason is that the original design to the oil can not be achieved, had run out of the outer bearing leaching dilute oil, a small amount can be burned to the bearing, less wear and tear, it can be seen from the table more than 50% of the shaft and sleeve without Get lubrication, but in a dry friction state to produce strong adhesive wear. This wear quickly increases the travel gap between the shaft and the sleeve, the dust is more accessible and creates a vicious circle. Second, the choice of oil-free self-lubricating bearings In order to solve the mechanical equipment in the high temperature, low speed, heavy load, dust, water shower and the impact of vibration and vibration problems, the choice of oil-free self-lubricating bearings. 1, the bearing structure Self-lubricating bearings are developed on the metal substrate friction surface of the orderly size of the holes and embedded in molybdenum disulfide, graphite, etc. made of self-lubricating blocks embedded in the metal sleeve, made of composite Bearing, solid lubricant friction area of ​​25-65%. Solid self-lubricating block can work under the high temperature of 280 ℃. However, due to its low mechanical strength, bearing capacity is weak, easy to produce deformation, set it in the metal slot will be able to inhibit this shortcomings, the formation of the metal part of the bearing role from the lubrication of the lubricating block. This self-lubricating bearing lubrication mechanism is in the process of sliding friction between the shaft and the sleeve, a part of the self-lubricating material molecules transferred to the shaft of the metal surface, fill the tiny uneven, and form a layer of more stable solid lubricating film , Resulting in wear between the solid lubricant film to prevent the shaft and the sleeve of the adhesive wear. This combination of rationality combines the respective advantages of copper alloy and non-metallic anti-wear materials and is particularly suitable for the motion amplitude in oil-free, high temperature, high load, low speed, pollution prevention, corrosion protection and strong radiation environment and In water or other solution infiltration and simply can not add grease under special operating conditions. 2, the self-lubricating blocks account for the area than the self-lubricating blocks accounted for the number of surface area and running speed, bearing strength, low speed; bearing strength, metal area should be larger. For example, the area occupied by the self-lubricating blocks of the running wheel bearing is about 25%. The bearing of the spindle bearing of the drawing mechanism should be lubricated sufficiently and the bearing strength is small. The area occupied by the self-lubricating blocks is about 65%. 3, the technical requirements of the bushing bushing should be made of alloy copper, bushing to have a higher hardness, generally required heat treatment, the hardness of not less than HRC45. 4, self-lubricating block geometry and mosaic requirements. Self-lubricating block shape has two kinds of cylindrical and rectangular, self-lubricating according to the size of the occupied area can be cylindrical, on the contrary can be rectangular. No matter what shape must be solid inlay, to prevent the fall off in operation. 5, the sleeve and the shaft gap value Self-lubricating block linear expansion coefficient of about 10 times the steel. In order to meet the bearing temperature changes, the gap between the shaft and the bushing from the original metal parts with four dynamic coordination (D4 / DC4) 0.032 ~ 0.15MM, increased to 0.45 ~ 0.5MM. Self-lubricating block protruding side of the friction metal bushing 0.2 ~ 0.4MM. This will be in the initial running-in period of the bearing is fully lubricated, reducing power drag power consumption. 6, the advantages of oil-free self-lubricating bearings A, no oil lubrication or less oil lubrication for refueling or difficult to refuel the place, can be used without maintenance or less maintenance; B, good wear resistance, small friction coefficient , Long service life; C, the right amount of elasto-plastic, the stress can be distributed in a wide contact surface, improve the bearing capacity; D, static and dynamic friction coefficient similar to eliminate crawling at low speed, thus ensuring the work of machinery Precision; E, can make machinery to reduce vibration, reduce noise, prevent pollution, improve working conditions; F, in operation can form a transfer film, play a role in protecting the grinding shaft, no biting shaft phenomenon; G, Low hardness, unregulated shaft can be used, thus reducing the difficulty of processing related parts; H, thin-walled structure, light weight, can reduce the mechanical volume; I, the bushing material is brass, corrosion Used in media. Through the practice of a certain aluminum enterprise, the casting machine bearing is replaced by the oil-free self-lubricating bearing. It has been used continuously for 15 months and is still running. The clearance between the shaft and the bushing is generally not more than 1MM, and is expected to be reused for 12 months. More than the original service life (2 months). Oil-free self-lubricating bearings not only in the aluminum ingot casting machine better use, and can be adapted to no oil, high temperature, high load, low speed, antifouling, corrosion, strong radiation environment, Or other solution infiltration and simply can not add grease under special operating conditions of equipment, such bearings have a wider promotional value. At present, most of the bearings used in the machinery industry is still ball, needle and the like, but a small part has been using self-lubricating bearings, I believe in the near future from the bearing will become the dominant bearing. The following is part of the application characteristics and advantages of self-lubricating bearings: 1, no oil lubrication or less oil lubrication for refueling or difficult to refuel the place can be used without maintenance or less maintenance; 2, good wear resistance, The friction coefficient is small, long service life; 3, there is a certain amount of elastic-plastic, can stress distribution in a wider contact surface, bearing capacity increase; 4, static and dynamic friction coefficient similar to eliminate crawling at low speed, thus ensuring Mechanical work accuracy; 5, can make machinery to reduce vibration, reduce noise, prevent pollution, improve working conditions; 6, in the process of operation can form a transfer film, play a role in protecting the grinding shaft, For grinding shaft requirements of low hardness, without the quenching of the shaft can be used, thus reducing the processing difficulty of related parts; 8, thin-walled structure, light weight, can reduce the mechanical volume; 9, Metals, can be used in corrosive media; has been widely used in various mechanical sliding parts, such as: printing presses, textile machines, tobacco machinery, micro-motors, automobiles, motorcycles Car and forestry machinery and so on.
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