Green vegetables are non-polluting, high-quality, delicious, nutritious and healthy vegetables. Although herbicides as one of the pesticides are much less toxic to humans and animals than insecticides, we must not lose sight of the effects of herbicides on green vegetable production.
1, according to the type of herbicide selection
1.1 In the selection of vegetables in the way of absorption, try to use contact herbicides, such as Er, oxacillin, etc., or use herbicides with poor conductivity in the systemic herbicides, such as herbicide.
1.2 According to the treatment method of herbicides, it is divided into two kinds: herbicides for stem and leaf treatment and herbicides for soil treatment. After spraying herbicides with stems and leaves, it usually does not produce residual effect in soil; after spraying herbicides on soil treatment Will cause residual effects in the soil, ranging from one week to more than one year or longer. This residual effect will cause the sorghum vegetables to not germinate or to die after germination. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to use sulfonylureas and morpholine herbicides in front of vegetable plots, and it is not suitable to use simazine, oxacilon, etc., which will poison the soil, and try to treat herbicides without stems and leaves. Treat herbicides in soil that does not damage the roots. Paddy fields that have been used quickly are not suitable for vegetable fields.
1.3 From the perspective of residue selection Strictly speaking, after the application of the systemic herbicide, there is more or less residue in the germinated body. To this end, vegetable sites should try not to use a systemic chemical herbicide, which can be replaced by biological herbicides. For example, the American fungal herbicide Pucciniacanall-cuiata can effectively control the sedge of vegetable fields, and Colletrichumtruneatum can be used to control cannabis field, using C.coccodes. Prevent ramie.
1.4 From the toxicity considerations, herbicides are classified into four categories: high toxicity, poisoning, low toxicity and microtoxicity. It is strictly forbidden to use high-toxic poisoning herbicides in vegetable fields, and low-toxic and slightly toxic herbicides can be used. However, some herbicides are acute oral and transdermal toxicity are low toxicity, but they are teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic as determined by chronic toxicity. They are also strictly prohibited in vegetable fields such as herbicide ether and cable.
1.5 From the dosage form, the herbicides are selected from the group consisting of powders, emulsions, liquids, granules, soluble powders, smoke agents, oils, suspensions and tablets. All kinds of herbicides are added with additives. Such as solvents, wetting agents, emulsifiers, suspending agents or stabilizers, the introduction of these additives will increase the toxicity of herbicides, but also increase the possibility of phytotoxicity. Therefore, vegetable ground should try to avoid the use of emulsifiable concentrates, oils, suspensions, smokers and tablets.
1.6 According to the odor and pollution degree, the choice of protected vegetables and greenhouse vegetables should try to avoid the use of herbicides with strong pungent odor. Some herbicides are polluted and contaminated by containers. For example, the use of 2,4-D butyl ester within 200 meters of vegetable ground and 500 meters of downwind may harm vegetables. A sprayer that sprays 2,4-D butyl ester, even if it is cleaned, such as spraying other herbicides on vegetables, it will also hurt vegetables. In addition, butachlor and trifluralin cannot be used in vegetable fields. , killing grass, can not use the herbicide Dan, Wo Da Zhuang around the vegetable field.
2. Select herbicides according to the vegetable category
2.1 leafy vegetables
Including cabbage, cabbage, green leafy vegetables, such as Chinese cabbage, leeks, broccoli, cabbage, celery, lettuce, sage, spinach, leeks, leeks, medlar and so on. Herbicides are not recommended for this type of vegetable. If necessary, Dahuili and Weeding can be used for soil treatment before sowing (celery, lettuce should not use Dahuili) or use Guoer, Cao Cao Ling, Zhi Zhuang No. 2, and soil treatment before planting. In the celery nursery field, the soil can be treated before the seedlings with dextromethorphan, guar and oxacillin; the lettuce and vegetables can be treated with the ger, the grass, and the sapling 2 in the soil before planting; the wormwood and the leeks can be used for weeding. Pre-emergence soil treatment after sowing; can be used in the spinach plots without water wells; after pre-emergence soil treatment with lysamine, this type of vegetable land is not available with sulfonylurea herbicides, and spinach is not available. Oxalamine.
2.2 Liliaceae, root vegetables, yam vegetables, including leeks, garlic, green onions, onions, lilies, small garlic, carrots, kohlrabi, potatoes, ginger, yam and so on. Amaranth has a short growing season, frequent harvesting, and leaf feeding. Try not to use herbicides. If necessary, you can choose the contact-killing micro-toxic herbicide, which is sprayed after the old leeks are harvested; the growth period of garlic, lily, potato, ginger, and yam Long, and mainly edible bulbs, tubers, (garlic edible garlic moss) can be used in the early stage of soil treatment or early post-emergence stems and leaves, can use fruit, garlic grass ether, vegetable Zhuang 2 and so on. Green garlic, green onions, and onions can only be used in the short-term growth period. If the carrots and carrots are used, the herbicides with poor conductivity can be used.
2.3 Solanum and fruit vegetables, including eggplant, tomato, pepper and other such vegetables should not be treated with stem and leaf treatment. Before transplanting, you can use contact-type soil treatment agent. If it is erect, it is mainly contact, there is slight systemic conduction. The role of the vegetable Zhuang No. 2, Diltiazem.
2.4 melon vegetables, including cucumber, pumpkin, melon, loofah, melon, bitter gourd, bergamot, horned melon and so on. It is strictly forbidden to use acetochlor in this type of vegetables. It is recommended to use weeding, fruit and oxacillin for soil treatment after sowing.
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