Sodium butyrate, the molecular formula is C4H7O2Na, white or off-white powder, with a special cheese rancid-like fat odor.
1 function
Butyric acid inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria through the cell membrane, promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, and makes the gastrointestinal micro-ecology in a positive balance. Butyric acid is the preferred energy of intestinal cells, which is absorbed in the intestinal lumen and can rapidly supply energy to intestinal epithelial cells through oxidation. The digestive tract of young animals is imperfect, the development of small intestine villi and crypts is immature, and the secretion of digestive enzymes is not enough, resulting in poor absorption of nutrients in juvenile animals. Tests have shown that sodium butyrate is an activator that increases intestinal villus proliferation and crypt deepening, and can expand the intestinal absorption area. It can increase feed intake, feed remuneration and daily gain, enhance animal health and reduce diarrhea and mortality. Affect the metabolism of sugars and lipids. Promotes non-specific immune system and specific immune system function. The special odor has a strong attracting effect on young pigs and can be used as an attractant; it can be added to various feeds to increase daily gain, feed intake, feed conversion rate and economic benefit.
2 role
Sodium butyrate can partially replace antibiotics, play a role in acidification, regulation of electrolyte balance and gastrointestinal micro-ecological balance, and attracting food. Sodium butyrate has received increasing attention as a new type of green additive. Since the advent of sodium butyrate, it has focused on its feeding effect on suckling pigs and its effects on intestinal morphology and health. In fact, the effect of sodium butyrate on breeding female animals can not be underestimated.
2.1 Enhance the body's absorption rate of calcium
Sodium butyrate can increase the absorption of mineral elemental calcium by animals. It is shown that sodium butyrate can increase the absorption rate of calcium in the intestines of breeding sows by 53%. The reasons may include that sodium butyrate can increase the proliferation of stem cells, increase the absorption surface area in the intestine by increasing the proliferation of crypts and the length of the small intestine villi, especially in the proximal and distal ileum, increasing the height and crypt of the intestinal villi. The depth of the small intestine increases the absorption area of ​​nutrients in the small intestine, thereby enhancing the absorption of nutrients including calcium; 2 the content of sodium butyrate and lactic acid in the digestive tract of the animal is increased after the addition of sodium butyrate. Sodium butyrate can selectively inhibit the proliferation of Salmonella and Escherichia coli, promote the growth of lactic acid bacteria, etc. The increase of lactic acid bacteria can produce more lactic acid and butyric acid products, both of which can reduce the pH value of the intestinal tract and acidify. Calcium salt is dissolved to enhance the absorption of calcium. In addition, lactic acid can also form a complex with calcium to further enhance the absorption and utilization of calcium. 3 Sodium butyrate may affect the calcium transporter by affecting the efficient translation of mRNA on the cell membrane. Regulation of gene expression affects calcium absorption. The full absorption of calcium improves the contractility of uterine smooth muscle, which can promote the sow's birth, reduce the incidence of dystocia, and reduce the incidence of reproductive diseases such as metritis and vaginitis caused by human intervention. At the same time, it can effectively prevent the loss of calcium in the bone of the sow too fast, reduce the occurrence of sow leg disease, and prolong the seeding period.
2.2 increase milk production and milk fat rate
Only by ensuring the feed intake of lactating sows can nutritionally maximize and maintain the lactation energy needs. Sodium butyrate has a specific fat odor and has a good attracting effect, which can increase feed intake of sows. Sodium butyrate can stimulate the secretion of pancreatic hormone, increase the blood glucose and insulin levels of pancreas, and further stimulate the formation of colonic epithelial cells. Sodium butyrate is a rapid source of energy for intestinal epithelial cells, promoting the absorption of short-chain fatty acids, due to intestinal epithelial cells. Increases the rate of fat absorption, thereby increasing the milk fat percentage in the milk. At the same time, short-chain fatty acids can stimulate the proliferation and development of breast cells after entering the breast tissue, promote the formation of milk secretion, and increase the amount of milk.
2.3 promote hemoglobin synthesis
Sodium butyrate can promote the synthesis of blood hemoglobin in sows. Butyrate can induce the globin Y gene distal promoter, promote the synthesis of hemoglobin, especially to selectively stimulate the synthesis of fetal hemoglobin. The number of red blood cells is increased, the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood is enhanced, and the embryo's breathing difficulty is reduced in the late pregnancy. At the same time, the oxygen carrying capacity of cord blood is enhanced, the ability of embryo implantation is improved, and the vitality of newborn piglets is strong.
2.4 improve the health of sows
Sodium butyrate can promote the proliferation of goblet cells, endoscopic lymphocytes, mast cells, etc. in intestinal epithelial cells. The proliferation of these cells can enhance the immune response sensitivity of the gastrointestinal system, improve immunity, and cooperate with healthy and intact intestinal epithelium. The structure of the intestinal wall creates a strong immune barrier to the gastrointestinal tract.
2.5 Enhance heat stress resistance
Sodium butyrate dissociates into butyrate and sodium ions in animals. The final metabolites of butyrate are ketone bodies and carbon dioxide. When the intestinal mucosa metabolizes a large amount of energy, the amount of ATP in the cells increases, causing the concentration of carbon dioxide to increase, stimulating the carbonic anhydrase activity in the body, and converting the produced carbon dioxide into bicarbonate anion, resulting in an increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions in the body. Enhance exchange with sodium ions, increase sodium absorption, maintain a stable internal environment, enhance the ability of sows to resist heat stress, and reduce the incidence of postpartum diseases.
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