In the greenhouse vegetable production in Shandong Province, the excessive application of fertilizer is a prominent problem. Excessive fertilization not only increases farmers' production costs, but also causes environmental problems such as accumulation of soil nutrients, leaching of nitrates, deterioration of product quality, and salinization of soil. We believe that the main reason for excessive fertilization is that the greenhouse vegetable topdressing adopts the method of flushing, and the fertilizer is uniformly dissolved in the water. In the case of a large amount of irrigation, the concentration of the fertilizer is low, and the fertilization intensity is low, Conducive to the absorption of vegetable roots. Based on the requirements of increasing the nutrient concentration of soil solution and the operability of farming, we propose a method of open-point fertilization of vegetables in greenhouse. From 2005 to 2008, three different fields were tested in the greenhouse of eggplant in Shouguang City for three consecutive years. The results showed that open-point fertilization was more than 45% higher than that of farmers, and the yield of eggplant was slightly increased or flattened.
Basic methods and advantages of open hole fertilization: dig an open hole in the middle of the two vegetables, the hole is inside the irrigation ditch, open the gap to the inside of the ditch, the gap is lower than the ditch irrigation level but higher than the ditch bottom, so that part of the irrigation can be Inflow into the hole to dissolve and spread the fertilizer; after covering the mulch, the film is torn out of the hole above the hole; 1-2 days before each irrigation, the fertilizer is applied into the hole; once acupoint, the whole vegetable is used during the growth period. Advantages: Open point fertilization reduces the process of digging and covering soil each time compared with conventional point fertilization, so that concentrated fertilization can be realized in the case of large planting density of greenhouse vegetables and covering the mulch; overcoming the fertilization intensity of fertilizer application and fertilizer utilization The shortcomings of the rate; thus, under the easier farming operation, centralized fertilization is realized, and the fertilization intensity is improved.
The operation method of open hole fertilization technology: It is currently applied to vegetables with larger distances such as eggplant, tomato and pepper. The base fertilizer for open hole fertilization is in accordance with the current conventional base fertilizer application; the farming operations such as tillage, ridge, and transplanting eggplant are conventional; after the eggplant is slowed down, before the mulch is covered, there is a ridge on the ridge between the two eggplants. Open the hole, open the hole near the inside of the irrigation ditch, and open to the side of the irrigation ditch, the bottom of the open hole is about 5cm above the bottom of the ditch; after the ground covers the mulch, the film is torn open above the open hole, the size of the hole In order to facilitate the fertilization into the hole; apply fertilizer in 1-2 days before watering, use common compound fertilizer for fertilizer, and use compound fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen and sulfur; fertilization amount in autumn and winter (end of October to February) ) 10.0 kg per mu per acre, 30 kg per mu per acre in spring (March-May); 50-60% of the amount of fertilizer applied to the open hole can be used for self-made simple tools. Use iron sheet, hard plastic or hard paper to roll into a trumpet tube to make a fertilizer leak, which can increase the speed of fertilization; generally 50 meters long greenhouse, 1.5 hours of open hole fertilization; watering times and watering amount according to farmers habit.
Recommendation: According to the open hole fertilization technology method introduced above, the farmers will first carry out small-area tests to achieve the effects of fertilizer reduction and yield increase, and then apply them in large areas. (Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences) (Technical Consulting Telephone Zheng Dongfeng)
Basic methods and advantages of open hole fertilization: dig an open hole in the middle of the two vegetables, the hole is inside the irrigation ditch, open the gap to the inside of the ditch, the gap is lower than the ditch irrigation level but higher than the ditch bottom, so that part of the irrigation can be Inflow into the hole to dissolve and spread the fertilizer; after covering the mulch, the film is torn out of the hole above the hole; 1-2 days before each irrigation, the fertilizer is applied into the hole; once acupoint, the whole vegetable is used during the growth period. Advantages: Open point fertilization reduces the process of digging and covering soil each time compared with conventional point fertilization, so that concentrated fertilization can be realized in the case of large planting density of greenhouse vegetables and covering the mulch; overcoming the fertilization intensity of fertilizer application and fertilizer utilization The shortcomings of the rate; thus, under the easier farming operation, centralized fertilization is realized, and the fertilization intensity is improved.
The operation method of open hole fertilization technology: It is currently applied to vegetables with larger distances such as eggplant, tomato and pepper. The base fertilizer for open hole fertilization is in accordance with the current conventional base fertilizer application; the farming operations such as tillage, ridge, and transplanting eggplant are conventional; after the eggplant is slowed down, before the mulch is covered, there is a ridge on the ridge between the two eggplants. Open the hole, open the hole near the inside of the irrigation ditch, and open to the side of the irrigation ditch, the bottom of the open hole is about 5cm above the bottom of the ditch; after the ground covers the mulch, the film is torn open above the open hole, the size of the hole In order to facilitate the fertilization into the hole; apply fertilizer in 1-2 days before watering, use common compound fertilizer for fertilizer, and use compound fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen and sulfur; fertilization amount in autumn and winter (end of October to February) ) 10.0 kg per mu per acre, 30 kg per mu per acre in spring (March-May); 50-60% of the amount of fertilizer applied to the open hole can be used for self-made simple tools. Use iron sheet, hard plastic or hard paper to roll into a trumpet tube to make a fertilizer leak, which can increase the speed of fertilization; generally 50 meters long greenhouse, 1.5 hours of open hole fertilization; watering times and watering amount according to farmers habit.
Recommendation: According to the open hole fertilization technology method introduced above, the farmers will first carry out small-area tests to achieve the effects of fertilizer reduction and yield increase, and then apply them in large areas. (Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences) (Technical Consulting Telephone Zheng Dongfeng)
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