Chemical control technology is to use plant growth regulators to regulate the normal growth and development of vegetables under the unfavorable conditions of vegetable cultivation environment, so that they grow according to the intended target. To be fair, the so-called chemical control is to use plant growth regulators to promote or inhibit the growth process of crops to meet people's needs. The test data showed that the early yield of melon vegetables increased by 20% to 40% after using chemical cultivation techniques.
At present, there are many chemical control technologies applied in vegetable production. Several common vegetable chemical control cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:
Breaking dormancy and promoting germination
Cold-tolerant vegetable seeds such as celery and spinach can be germinated under the condition of 15 °C ~ 20 °C, and soaked in 0.1% thiourea or 5-20 mg/kg gibberellin for 2 to 4 hours in summer. Cool conditions promote seed germination. The germination of the potato can be immersed in 0.5% to 1% of thiourea or gibberellin for 10 to 15 minutes.
Promote growth and yield
Gibberellin can promote growth, increase plant height, and have obvious yield-increasing effects. When celery grows to about 15 cm, spraying with 10 to 20 mg/kg of gibberellin can increase yield by about 25%. Tomatoes and other fruits and vegetables are sprayed 5-10 mg/kg gibberellin plus 0.3% phosphoric acid at the prosperous stage. Dihydrogen potassium solution can significantly increase the yield.
When raising seedlings and preventing the growth of solanaceous vegetables, seedlings spray 10~20 mg/kg of paclobutrazol to thicken the stems, thicken the leaves, enhance the drought resistance and cold resistance of the plants, and promote flower bud differentiation. Cucumber, pumpkin 2 leaves 1 leaf foliar application of 100 ~ 200 mg / kg of ethephon, can inhibit plant height, promote early differentiation of female flowers, reduce root melon node, increase female flower rate.
Spraying hormones
Tomato, eggplant with 10 ~ 20 mg / kg of 2.4-D dip, or 15 ~ 30 mg / kg of anti-falling spray can promote fruit set, prevent falling flowers and fruit. Capsicum spray with 50 mg / kg of naphthaleneacetic acid spray can reduce the falling buds and significantly increase the fruit setting rate.
Preventing melon-like melons and cucumbers from blooming 1 to 2 days after spraying with 100 mg/kg of gibberellin and ovary, or spraying with 50 mg/kg of cytokinin, can significantly accelerate cucumber growth and increase yield 30 %the above. After the female flower of the zucchini is opened, the peduncle is applied with 20-30 mg/kg of the anti-falling hormone at around 8:00 in the morning, which can reduce the melon and increase the fruit setting rate.
Storage and preservation
Garlic, potato and onion are sprayed with 2500 mg/kg of cinnabarin two weeks before harvest to inhibit growth point germination and facilitate storage. Cabbage is sprayed or soaked with 30 mg/kg of cytokinin for 1 day or after harvesting, and can be kept fresh after storage for 5 days at 5 °C.
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