Recently, the research team led by Li Xianfeng and Zhang Huamin, researchers at the Energy Storage Technology Research Department of the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, have made new progress in the research of high-energy density, long-life zinc-iodine single-flow batteries. The research results were published online in "Energy Environ. Sci."
Large-scale energy storage technology is a key technology for realizing large-scale utilization of renewable energy. Flow batteries have the characteristics of high safety, long cycle life and high efficiency. It is one of the preferred technologies for large-scale energy storage. Zinc iodine flow battery has received more and more attention because of its advantages of high energy density (I-concentration up to 8M) and environmental friendliness. However, zinc-iodine flow batteries also have problems such as low battery power density, short cycle life, and relatively low utilization of active materials. In the early stage, the research team greatly improved the cycle life and power density of the zinc-iodine flow battery by optimizing the electrolyte composition and membrane materials (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2018). However, the problem of relatively low utilization of active substances due to the insolubility of elemental iodine in water remains to be solved.
In this work, the research team innovatively proposed the concept of zinc-iodine single-flow battery. Unlike traditional zinc-iodine flow batteries, zinc-iodine single-flow batteries have a flow circulation system on only the negative electrode side, and the positive electrolyte solution is fixed in the positive electrode cavity. The battery's positive electrode iodide ion concentration can fully meet the negative electrode zinc deposition capacity requirements. Because there is no blocking problem of the electrolyte pipeline and the pump, I- can be charged to the solid I2, and the utilization rate of the electrolyte is close to 100%, which greatly improves the energy density of the battery. At the same time, researchers use porous carbon felt as the electrode. The three-dimensional conductive network of carbon felt improves the power density of the single-flow battery. The experimental results show that the single-flow battery can run stably at more than 500 cycles at 80mA / cm2, and the performance does not deteriorate significantly. The above work provides a good reference for the development of new systems of high energy density flow batteries.
The above work was supported by the CAS-DOE, Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Project, and the Dalian Institute of Chemical Industry's Independent Deployment Fund.
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