Botrytis cinerea is an important disease in greenhouse flowers, mainly affecting the flowers, fruits and leaves of flowers. It is often accompanied by the growing season of flowers, especially during the growth of winter and spring greenhouses. If the management is relaxed, it is more conducive to the occurrence and prevalence of the disease. In severe cases, it can cause a large number of fallen leaves, affecting the flowering of plants and reducing the ornamental value. Pathogens and conditions: Botrytis cinerea is caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, which is attached to the diseased body by mycelium or conidia and sclerotia, or left over in the soil for wintering. The strain develops at a suitable temperature of 10 ° C to 32 ° C, a minimum of 4 ° C, and a relative humidity requirement of more than 90%. Due to the appropriate temperature in the spring, the humidity in the shed is large, such as the release of wind is not timely, which is the main cause of the serious incidence. The main symptoms of the disease: the pathogen invades from the stomata or wound of the stalk, the stalk, and spreads to the fruit stalk. The peel is grayish-white water-stained soft rot. When the humidity is high, the fruit surface produces a large amount of gray mold layer, and the disease flower falls on the leaf surface. It is easy to cause the disease of the leaves and form a large round spot of the gray mold. Burnt and rotten fruit fell on the stem causing the stem to rot, and the plant died when it was severe. For example, when the chrysanthemum leaves are damaged, the edges of the leaves are brown spots, the surface is slightly wrinkled, the petiole and flower stalk soften first, then the surface rots, and when the inverted golden bell leaves are damaged, the diseased leaves appear water-stained spots and then become black. Brown and rotten. In addition, gerbera and cyclamen are also vulnerable.
Prevention method Seed disinfection. To kill the fungus attached to the surface of the flower seed, the seed can be immersed in 10% trisodium phosphate for 20 minutes, rinsed with running water for 40 minutes. It can also be soaked in warm water at 52 ° C for 30 minutes, dried and ready for use.
2. Guest soil is planted. The bacteria are mainly wintering in the soil. Therefore, whether it is planting or potting, the soil is required to be disease-free new soil, and the potting soil, flower pots and bulbs are disinfected.
3. Rational fertilization. Try to apply decomposed organic fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, improve the disease resistance of the plant, and pay attention to controlling the amount of nitrogen fertilizer to prevent the disease and increase the disease.
4. Management in the shed. Remove the diseased leaves, diseased fruit and yellow leaves in time, keep the shed clean, and achieve good ventilation and light transmission. High temperature stagnation and inhibition. Before the growth and after the onset, properly control the watering and release the wind at a proper time. Increasing the temperature of the shed to 33 ° C, which is disadvantageous to produce differentiated spores. Reduced humidity reduces condensation on the roof and leaves.
5. Chemical control. In the early stage of the disease, 45% chlorothalonil can be used, or 15% of the ketone can be smoked for 3 to 4 hours (250 grams per mu of greenhouse). It can also be sprayed in the evening with 5% chlorothalonil dust (1 kg per mu of greenhouse). The spray method can use a 65% sensible zinc wettable powder 500 times solution, spray once every 10 days, and even spray 2 to 4 times (interval 7 to 10 days). It can also be applied to the initial stage of the disease by spraying 50% Kuling 1000 times solution or 50% more mildew 1000 times solution, alternating every 7 days for 2 to 3 times, which can effectively control the occurrence of gray mold.
Prevention method Seed disinfection. To kill the fungus attached to the surface of the flower seed, the seed can be immersed in 10% trisodium phosphate for 20 minutes, rinsed with running water for 40 minutes. It can also be soaked in warm water at 52 ° C for 30 minutes, dried and ready for use.
2. Guest soil is planted. The bacteria are mainly wintering in the soil. Therefore, whether it is planting or potting, the soil is required to be disease-free new soil, and the potting soil, flower pots and bulbs are disinfected.
3. Rational fertilization. Try to apply decomposed organic fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, improve the disease resistance of the plant, and pay attention to controlling the amount of nitrogen fertilizer to prevent the disease and increase the disease.
4. Management in the shed. Remove the diseased leaves, diseased fruit and yellow leaves in time, keep the shed clean, and achieve good ventilation and light transmission. High temperature stagnation and inhibition. Before the growth and after the onset, properly control the watering and release the wind at a proper time. Increasing the temperature of the shed to 33 ° C, which is disadvantageous to produce differentiated spores. Reduced humidity reduces condensation on the roof and leaves.
5. Chemical control. In the early stage of the disease, 45% chlorothalonil can be used, or 15% of the ketone can be smoked for 3 to 4 hours (250 grams per mu of greenhouse). It can also be sprayed in the evening with 5% chlorothalonil dust (1 kg per mu of greenhouse). The spray method can use a 65% sensible zinc wettable powder 500 times solution, spray once every 10 days, and even spray 2 to 4 times (interval 7 to 10 days). It can also be applied to the initial stage of the disease by spraying 50% Kuling 1000 times solution or 50% more mildew 1000 times solution, alternating every 7 days for 2 to 3 times, which can effectively control the occurrence of gray mold.
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