All the bacteria and pests will appear in the growth process of black fungus. These factors directly affect the quality of black fungus, especially in the high temperature and suitable temperature season, the pests and diseases will be more serious, so the disease prevention and control work of black fungus is improving. The quality value of black fungus. The China Pesticide Network Xiaobian has collected specific prevention and control plans, and I hope to be useful to everyone:
First, common bacteria and control measures:
The disease of black fungus is mainly caused by the infestation of bacteria. Common bacteria include:
1. Trichoderma: Trichoderma contamination, the initial hyphae are white, and then gradually produce green spores and turn into light green, and then become dark green. Trichoderma mainly occurs in the ungerminated material of the bottle (bag) and on the ear base that has not been completely removed. If it is not treated in time, the spread will spread quickly, and the fungus can not grow or grow poorly.
Control measures: The medium should be sterilized thoroughly. Trichoderma occurs during the earing of the bacteria bag. The bag can be placed in the sun for 1 to 2 days, then 0.2% or 0.1% potassium permanganate or fungicide 0.2%. The carbendazim solution is spray disinfected.
2, Mucor root mold: the initial is light white at 25 ~ 35 ° C conditions, the hyphae and pseudo roots grow into the medium and then extend a long spore handle, the top is black spore. The hazard is to isolate oxygen, compete for nutrients and water, secrete toxins, and affect the growth of black fungus hyphae.
Control measures: Refer to the control measures of Trichoderma. The culture medium should be thoroughly sterilized. Trichoderma occurs during the earing of the bacteria bag. The bacteria bag can be dried in the sun for 1-2 days, and then sprayed with 0.2% or 0.1% potassium permanganate or 0.2% carbendazim solution. disinfection.
3. Streptomyces: The initial hyphae are light white, and the mycelium grows very fast. In the early stage, it is easy to produce pale yellow water in the bag, and a white block primordium is formed at the rupture of the bag mouth or plastic bag. Orange-red powdery spores. The main hazard of Alternaria is that it competes with black fungus hyphae for nutrition. It occurs mostly in the production of fungus bags, which poses a great threat to the production of the bacteria bags.
Control measures: Black fungus bag production, avoiding the high temperature season, the bagging method should be adopted in the inoculation method to avoid mutual contamination between the bacteria bags. It was found that Streptomyces sp. should be promptly removed. The pesticide network recommends spraying 0.2% carbendazim or bleach solution on its site.
Second, common "disease" damage and prevention measures:
The "ears" of black fungus (also known as "sugar ear" or "watery ear") is a physiological barrier to cell water rupture. When the black fungus is close to maturity, it constantly produces the spores, consumes the nutrients in the fruiting body, and makes the fruit body tend to aging. At this time, the excessive humidity is extremely easy to fester. In environments where the temperature is high, especially when the humidity is high, and the light and ventilation conditions are poor, the fruiting bodies often fester. Damage to bacteria and pests is also responsible for the loss of ear ulcers. During the growth period of fruiting bodies, it is necessary to strengthen management and timely harvest.
In addition to good prevention, try a 25 unit / liter concentration of chlortetracycline (or oxytetracycline) solution, or 500 times the solution of the sensitized zinc (or bacteriostatic) solution to prevent "flow ear". If the "flow ear" has appeared, the fungus should be picked up in time and quickly dried to reduce losses. The ear is scraped off with a knife, and the ear part is washed with a brush and the gel is adhered to the ear to facilitate the birth of the ear. Otherwise, it is not easy to produce ears.
If pests have already occurred in the cultivation site, the pesticide manufacturer recommends using safe, effective, low-toxicity and low-concentration agents for control, thereby keeping the damage within the minimum range and reducing economic losses.
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