First, apply enough base fertilizer
The base fertilizer can maintain the nutrient balance around the cotton rhizosphere, favor root growth, improve the ability to absorb fertilizer, and meet the demand for fertilizer during the whole growth period. Generally, the organic fertilizer is 2,000 to 3,000 kilograms of fertilized organic fertilizer, 30 to 50 kilograms of 45% compound fertilizer, and 1 to 2 kilograms of zinc and boron fertilizer. It can be applied to the soil in combination with deep tillage.
Second, seed treatment
1. Fine selection: Good varieties are the most effective and direct technical way to increase production and increase efficiency of cotton. Early-maturing varieties with compact plant type, high yield, good quality and strong disease resistance should be selected.
2, sun-dried: cottonseed shell thick, poor water permeability, seed must be dried before sowing. Spread the cottonseed, dry for 2 to 3 days on a sunny day, turn it a few times a day, and take the cottonseed in the hand and shake it. Be careful not to put cottonseed directly on the non-breathable ground such as cement to prevent dead seeds from drying out.
Third, timely seeding
The minimum temperature for germination of cotton is 12 °C, the optimum temperature is 28 ~ 30 °C, and the emergence temperature needs to be above 16 °C. As the temperature increases, the emergence speed also increases. Coated cotton seeds, sowing must be "one dry three wet", "three sides", that is, dry seeds, wet sputum, wet cover seed soil, phlegm wet film; side under the edge, cover soil, edge film.
Fourth, reasonable topdressing
Cotton topdressing can provide the nutrients needed in each growing season, and topdressing should be carried out several times according to the growth and development characteristics of cotton. Specific topdressing can be divided into the following times:
Miao Fei: After applying seedling fertilizer, it can promote root development and cultivate strong seedlings. For cotton fields with poor ground strength, insufficient base fertilizer and weak growth, apply 5-10 kg of urea or high-nitrogen compound fertilizer per acre. For cotton fields with high fertility and base fertilizer, you can not apply for seedlings.
Lei fertilizer: The demand for nutrients in cotton gradually increases after buds, and the bud period is reasonable for topdressing, which can meet the needs of cotton planting, coordinate the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and promote the stable growth of plants. Generally, in the early stage of cotton buds, 45% of compound fertilizer is applied for 15-20 kg. The method of top dressing is better by ditching deep and maintaining a proper distance from the cotton plant to avoid root damage and affect normal growth.
Flower bell fertilizer: The flowering and boll period is the period when cotton needs most fertilizer. Generally, 10 to 15 kg of urea or 20 to 30 kg of compound fertilizer is applied. For cotton fields with poor soil fertility, less base fertilizer and weak growth, it can be applied early, when the cotton plants bloom more than 80%, and when one or two young peaches are sitting, the topdressing method is appropriate.
Top dressing: Generally, the top dressing is carried out before and after topping. For the nitrogen-deficient or prematurely-deficient cotton field, spray 1% urea solution per acre for 50-75 kg, once every 5-7 days, and spray 2~3 times. For the phosphorus-deficient, potassium-producing or late-growing green cotton field, spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 7 to 10 days, and spray 2 or 3 times to reach the later stage without yellow leaves, no leaves, no premature aging, high yield. High quality purpose.
V. Pest Control
During the Miaolei period, we will focus on the prevention and control of pests such as tigers, nurseries, red spiders, blind mites, corn borers, blight, and blight. In the flowering and belling period, we focus on the prevention and control of blind mites, red spiders, cotton bollworms and blight.
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